Grade 11 : Biology - Excretion System (Set 3)

Question 1

What is the primary nitrogenous excretory product in human beings?

Accepted Answer

B) Urea

Answer

A) Ammonia

Answer

C) Uric acid

Answer

D) Hippuric acid

Question 2

Which structure represents the basic structural and functional unit of the human kidney?

Accepted Answer

B) Nephron

Answer

A) Neuron

Answer

C) Alveolus

Answer

D) Hepatocyte

Question 3

The cup-shaped double-walled structure surrounding the glomerulus is called:

Accepted Answer

B) Bowman's capsule

Answer

A) Loop of Henle

Answer

C) Collecting duct

Answer

D) Malpighian body

Question 4

The outer region of the human kidney, located beneath the fibrous capsule, is known as the:

Accepted Answer

B) Cortex

Answer

A) Medulla

Answer

C) Renal pelvis

Answer

D) Major Calyx

Question 5

Which tube carries urine from the renal pelvis of the kidney to the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

B) Ureter

Answer

A) Urethra

Answer

C) Vas deferens

Answer

D) Collecting tubule

Question 6

Organisms that excrete nitrogenous waste primarily in the form of uric acid are referred to as:

Accepted Answer

C) Uricotelic

Answer

A) Ammonotelic

Answer

B) Ureotelic

Answer

D) Aminotelic

Question 7

The majority of nutrient and electrolyte reabsorption in the nephron occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

A) Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)

Answer

B) Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)

Answer

C) Ascending Loop of Henle

Answer

D) Collecting Duct

Question 8

Which hormone directly increases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts and distal tubules?

Accepted Answer

B) Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)

Answer

A) Insulin

Answer

C) Oxytocin

Answer

D) Glucagon

Question 9

An abnormal accumulation of urea in the blood resulting from renal failure is termed:

Accepted Answer

C) Uremia

Answer

A) Glycosuria

Answer

B) Ketonuria

Answer

D) Hematuria

Question 10

Which excretory structures are characteristic of terrestrial arthropods such as insects?

Accepted Answer

C) Malpighian tubules

Answer

A) Flame cells

Answer

B) Nephridia

Answer

D) Green glands

Question 11

Blood enters the glomerulus under pressure through which vessel?

Accepted Answer

B) Afferent arteriole

Answer

A) Efferent arteriole

Answer

C) Renal vein

Answer

D) Hepatic portal vein

Question 12

The presence of glucose in urine, often an indicator of diabetes mellitus, is known as:

Accepted Answer

B) Glycosuria

Answer

A) Hematuria

Answer

C) Anuria

Answer

D) Oliguria

Question 13

The hair-pin shaped capillary network that runs parallel to Henle's loop is known as the:

Accepted Answer

C) Vasa recta

Answer

A) Glomerulus

Answer

B) Peritubular network

Answer

D) Lymphatic vessel

Question 14

Which enzyme is secreted by juxtaglomerular cells in response to a drop in glomerular blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A) Renin

Answer

B) Pepsin

Answer

C) Trypsin

Answer

D) Gastrin

Question 15

Flame cells (protonephridia) serve as excretory and osmoregulatory structures in:

Accepted Answer

B) Flatworms (Platyhelminthes)

Answer

A) Earthworms

Answer

C) Prawns

Answer

D) Cockroaches

Question 16

On average, how much filtrate is formed by human kidneys in a healthy adult per day?

Accepted Answer

C) 180 Liters

Answer

A) 1.5 Liters

Answer

B) 18 Liters

Answer

D) 500 Liters

Question 17

Which hairpin-loop structure of the nephron is crucial for generating a concentration gradient in the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

B) Loop of Henle

Answer

A) Bowman's capsule

Answer

C) Glomerulus

Answer

D) Distal Convoluted Tubule

Question 18

Which endocrine gland releases Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH) into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

B) Posterior pituitary

Answer

A) Anterior pituitary

Answer

C) Adrenal cortex

Answer

D) Thyroid gland

Question 19

The clinical procedure used to artificially clear metabolic waste products from blood in acute renal failure is:

Accepted Answer

A) Hemodialysis

Answer

B) Plasmolysis

Answer

C) Hemolysis

Answer

D) Electrophoresis

Question 20

Tubular excretory structures called nephridia are characteristic of which animal phylum?

Accepted Answer

B) Annelida

Answer

A) Porifera

Answer

C) Cnidaria

Answer

D) Echinodermata

Grade 11 : Biology - Excretion System (Set 3)