Question 1

1. If the local time at the Prime Meridian ($0^{\circ}$) is 12:00 Noon, what will be the local time at a city located at $45^{\circ} E$ longitude?

A) 9:00 AMB) 2:00 PMC) 3:00 PMD) 4:00 PM

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation: Solution: The Earth rotates $360^{\circ}$ in 24 hours. Therefore, $1^{\circ}$ of longitude equals $\frac{24 \times 60}{360} = 4$ minutes. Difference in longitude = $45^{\circ} - 0^{\circ} = 45^{\circ}$. Time difference = $45 \times 4 = 180$ minutes = 3 hours. Since the city is East (E) of the Prime Meridian, we add the time: 12:00 + 3 hours = 3:00 PM.

Question 2

2. On a map with a scale of 1 : 2,500,000, two mountain peaks are 4 cm apart. What is the actual ground distance between these peaks?

10 km

Question 3

3. The normal lapse rate states that temperature decreases by $6.5^{\circ}C$ for every 1,000 m of ascent. If the temperature at sea level is $30^{\circ}C$, what is the temperature at a hill station at 2,000 m?

A) $17^{\circ}C$B) $23.5^{\circ}C$C) $13^{\circ}C$D) $20^{\circ}C$

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation: Solution: Total ascent = 2,000 m. Temperature drop = $2 \times 6.5^{\circ}C = 13^{\circ}C$. Final temperature = $30^{\circ}C - 13^{\circ}C = 17^{\circ}C$.

Question 4

4. A region has a population of 4.5 million people living in an area of $15,000km^2$. Calculate the population density.

A) $30 persons/km^2$B) $450 persons/km^2$C) $150 persons/km^2$D) $300 persons/km^2$

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation: Solution: Population Density = $$\frac{Total Population}{Total Area}$$ Density = $$\frac{4,500,000}{15,000} = \frac{4500}{15} = 300 persons/km^2$$.

Question 5

5. If the Indian Standard Time (IST) is based on $82^{\circ}30' E$, what is the time difference between IST and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)?

A) 4 hours 30 minsB) 5 hours 30 minsC) 6 hoursD) 5 hours 15 mins

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation: Solution: Longitudinal difference = $82.5^{\circ}$. Time difference = $82.5 \times 4minutes = 330minutes$. $330 \div 60 = 5.5$ hours, which is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of GMT.

Question 6

6. Which of the following best describes the 'Rain Shadow' effect mathematically?

A) Precipitation on windward side < Leeward sideB) Precipitation on windward side = Leeward sideC) Precipitation on windward side > Leeward sideD) Humidity increases as air descends the leeward side

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation: Solution: As moist air rises up the windward side of a mountain, it cools and precipitates. By the time it crosses to the leeward side, it has lost most of its moisture. Hence, Windward Precipitation > Leeward Precipitation.

Question 7

7. If a point A is at $20^{\circ}N$ and point B is at $30^{\circ}N$ on the same longitude, approximately how many kilometers apart are they? (Assume $1^{\circ} \approx 111km$)

A) 1,110 kmB) 111 kmC) 2,220 kmD) 555 km

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation: Solution: Difference in latitude = $30^{\circ} - 20^{\circ} = 10^{\circ}$. Distance = $10 \times 111km = 1,110km$.

Question 8

8. In a certain region, the land drops 200 meters in height over a horizontal distance of 5 km. What is the gradient (slope) of this land?

A) 10 m/kmB) 20 m/kmC) 1,000 m/kmD) 40 m/km

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation: Solution: Gradient = $$\frac{Vertical Change}{Horizontal Distance}$$ Gradient = $$\frac{200m}{5km} = 40 m/km$$.

Question 9

9. If the Earth's axis were not tilted ($0^{\circ}$ tilt), which of the following would be true regarding seasonal diversity?

A) Seasons would be more extremeB) The poles would be the hottestC) There would be no change in seasonsD) Days would always be longer than nights

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation: Solution: The tilt of $23.5^{\circ}$ is the primary reason for the variation in the angle of sun rays throughout the year, causing seasons. Without a tilt, the sun would always be directly over the equator, leading to no seasonal variation.

Question 10

10. Fresh water accounts for only 2.5% of total water on Earth. If the total water is 1.4 billion cubic kilometers, how much is fresh water?

A) 3.5 million $km^3$B) 35 million $km^3$C) 14 million $km^3$D) 0.35 million $km^3$

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation: Solution: Fresh water = $2.5% of 1,400,000,000km^3$ Fresh water = $0.025 \times 1,400,000,000 = 35,000,000km^3 = 35$ million $km^3$.

Accepted Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation: Solution: Scale 1 : 2,500,000 means 1cm = 2,500,000cm in reality. Convert cm to km: $2,500,000 \div 100,000 = 25km$. Actual distance = $4cm \times 25 km/cm = 100km$.

Grade 7 : Social Science (Exploring Society) - Geographical Diversity (Set 2)

1. If the local time at the Prime Meridian ($0^{\circ}$) is 12:00 Noon, what will be the local time at a city located at $45^{\circ} E$ longitude?

2. On a map with a scale of 1 : 2,500,000, two mountain peaks are 4 cm apart. What is the actual ground distance between these peaks?

3. The normal lapse rate states that temperature decreases by $6.5^{\circ}C$ for every 1,000 m of ascent. If the temperature at sea level is $30^{\circ}C$, what is the temperature at a hill station at 2,000 m?

4. A region has a population of 4.5 million people living in an area of $15,000km^2$. Calculate the population density.

5. If the Indian Standard Time (IST) is based on $82^{\circ}30' E$, what is the time difference between IST and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)?

6. Which of the following best describes the 'Rain Shadow' effect mathematically?

7. If a point A is at $20^{\circ}N$ and point B is at $30^{\circ}N$ on the same longitude, approximately how many kilometers apart are they? (Assume $1^{\circ} \approx 111km$)

8. In a certain region, the land drops 200 meters in height over a horizontal distance of 5 km. What is the gradient (slope) of this land?

9. If the Earth's axis were not tilted ($0^{\circ}$ tilt), which of the following would be true regarding seasonal diversity?

10. Fresh water accounts for only 2.5% of total water on Earth. If the total water is 1.4 billion cubic kilometers, how much is fresh water?