Competitive Exams : Computer Awareness - Computer and IT Software (Set 4)

Question 1

An operating system operates in two primary execution modes to protect system resources. Which component directly interacts with hardware and executes in kernel mode?

Accepted Answer

B) Operating System Kernel

Answer

A) User Interface Shell

Answer

C) Text Editor

Answer

D) Web Browser

Question 2

Statement I: Utility software performs specific maintenance tasks related to managing computer resources.
Statement II: Disk Defragmenter rearranges fragmented data on storage drives to optimize read/write efficiency.

Which of the following is correct regarding Statements I and II?

Accepted Answer

C) Both Statement I and Statement II are correct

Answer

A) Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

Answer

B) Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect

Answer

D) Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct

Question 3

What is the primary difference in execution mechanism between a Compiler and an Interpreter?

Accepted Answer

B) A Compiler translates the entire source code into object code at once before execution, while an Interpreter translates line-by-line at runtime.

Answer

A) A Compiler translates line-by-line during runtime, while an Interpreter translates the entire source code at once.

Answer

C) A Compiler works only for low-level languages, while an Interpreter works only for assembly language.

Answer

D) An Interpreter creates an independent executable file (.exe), whereas a Compiler does not.

Question 4

Software Product	Classification Category
Linux OS	Open Source Software
Apache HTTP Server	Open Source Software
MS Windows 11	Proprietary Software

Based on licensing classifications, which software and category match is correct?

Accepted Answer

C) Apache HTTP Server - Open Source Software

Answer

A) Linux - Proprietary Software

Answer

B) Adobe Photoshop - Open Source Software

Answer

D) MS Windows 11 - Open Source Software

Question 5

Software distributed free of charge for an initial evaluation period, after which users are expected to pay for complete features or continued usage, is classified as:

Accepted Answer

B) Shareware

Answer

A) Freeware

Answer

C) Open Source Software

Answer

D) Public Domain Software

Question 6

A specialized software program that allows the operating system to communicate with and control a specific hardware peripheral is known as a:

Accepted Answer

C) Device Driver

Answer

A) Linker

Answer

B) Loader

Answer

D) System BIOS

Question 7

Low-level software stored permanently in read-only memory (ROM) or flash memory chips to control basic hardware operations is called:

Accepted Answer

A) Firmware

Answer

B) Middleware

Answer

C) Shareware

Answer

D) Application Software

Question 8

Which type of hypervisor (bare-metal) runs directly on host server hardware without relying on an underlying general-purpose operating system?

Accepted Answer

B) Type 1 Hypervisor

Answer

A) Type 2 Hypervisor

Answer

C) Application-level Emulator

Answer

D) User-space Container

Question 9

An enterprise utilizes Google Workspace and Microsoft 365 services where employees create documents and access email via web browsers without managing servers or installing desktop binaries.

Which cloud delivery model does this scenario illustrate?

Accepted Answer

C) Software as a Service (SaaS)

Answer

A) Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer

B) Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Answer

D) Function as a Service (FaaS)

Question 10

Which key capability is supported by the NTFS file system but absent in the older FAT32 file system?

Accepted Answer

B) File-level access control permissions and encryption (EFS)

Answer

A) Support for 8.3 file naming conventions

Answer

C) Maximum single file size restriction of 4 GB

Answer

D) Compatibility with legacy 16-bit DOS systems

Question 11

In relational database management systems (RDBMS), a primary key is defined to:

Accepted Answer

B) Uniquely identify each record/row within a database table

Answer

A) Permit duplicate records across multiple table rows

Answer

C) Establish encrypted connections to remote servers

Answer

D) Store unstructured binary video streams

Question 12

A user notices slow drive performance and executes a system maintenance utility to delete temporary files, empty the Recycle Bin, and clear system caches.

Which system utility tool is being utilized?

Accepted Answer

A) Disk Cleanup

Answer

B) Disk Formatting

Answer

C) System Restore

Answer

D) Registry Editor

Question 13

What is the correct sequential order of phases in the traditional Waterfall Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC)?

Accepted Answer

B) Requirement Analysis -> System Design -> Coding -> Testing -> Maintenance

Answer

A) Testing -> Coding -> Requirement Analysis -> Design -> Maintenance

Answer

C) System Design -> Requirement Analysis -> Testing -> Coding -> Maintenance

Answer

D) Coding -> System Design -> Requirement Analysis -> Maintenance -> Testing

Question 14

Antivirus software utilizes "Heuristic Analysis" techniques to detect zero-day or modified malware by:

Accepted Answer

B) Analyzing code patterns, suspicious characteristics, and anomalous behaviors

Answer

A) Matching binary hashes against a fixed database of known virus signatures

Answer

C) Deleting all executable files found on secondary storage

Answer

D) Reformatting the storage drive whenever a file download completes

Question 15

In distributed version control software like Git, which command records staged changes locally into the local repository database?

Accepted Answer

C) git commit

Answer

A) git push

Answer

B) git clone

Answer

D) git fetch

Question 16

In a spreadsheet application, cell C1 contains the formula =$A$1 + B1. This cell formula is copied and pasted into cell C2.

What will be the updated formula inside cell C2?

Accepted Answer

B) =$A$1 + B2

Answer

A) =$A$2 + B2

Answer

C) =$A$1 + B1

Answer

D) =$A$2 + B1

Question 17

During system initialization, what is the initial set of hardware diagnostic tests executed by the BIOS/UEFI firmware when power is applied?

Accepted Answer

B) Power-On Self-Test (POST)

Answer

A) Master Boot Record (MBR) Load

Answer

C) Operating System Kernel Initialization

Answer

D) User Account Authentication

Question 18

Which CPU scheduling algorithm assigns a fixed time quantum to each ready process in a cyclic queue?

Accepted Answer

C) Round Robin (RR)

Answer

A) First-Come, First-Served (FCFS)

Answer

B) Shortest Job First (SJF)

Answer

D) Non-preemptive Priority Scheduling

Question 19

A emergency software update issued rapidly by developers to resolve a critical security vulnerability or high-priority bug is called a:

Accepted Answer

C) Hotfix / Security Patch

Answer

A) Major Version Release

Answer

B) Beta Version

Answer

D) Feature Pack

Question 20

In OS memory management, transferring inactive memory pages from physical RAM to secondary storage (swap space) is termed:

Accepted Answer

A) Paging / Swapping

Answer

B) Disk Defragmentation

Answer

C) Spooling

Answer

D) Cache Aliasing