Question 1

1. A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by 20% and gives a discount of 10%. Additionally, he uses a faulty weight of 850g instead of 1 kg while selling. What is his overall profit percentage?

A) 21.5%B) 25.2%C) 27.05%D) 30.15%

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation: Solution: Let the Cost Price (CP) of 1000g be ₹1000. 1. Marked Price (MP) = CP + 20% of CP = 1000 + 200 = ₹1200. 2. Selling Price (SP) after 10% discount = 1200 - 120 = ₹1080. 3. The dealer gives 850g instead of 1000g. The CP of 850g is ₹850. 4. Net Profit = $SP - CP_{actual} = 1080 - 850 = ₹230$. 5. Profit $% = \frac{230}{850} \times 100 \approx 27.05%$.

Question 2

2. By selling 45 lemons for ₹40, a vendor loses 20%. How many lemons should he sell for ₹24 to gain 20% in the transaction?

15

Question 3

3. A sells an article to B at 20% profit. B sells it to C at 10% profit. C sells it to D at 10% loss. If D pays ₹1188, what was the cost price for A?

A) ₹1000B) ₹1100C) ₹950D) ₹1050

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation: Solution: Let A's CP be x. $x \times \frac{120}{100} \times \frac{110}{100} \times \frac{90}{100} = 1188$ $x \times 1.2 \times 1.1 \times 0.9 = 1188$ $x \times 1.188 = 1188$ $x = \frac{1188}{1.188} = ₹1000$.

Question 4

4. A person bought two bicycles for ₹1600 in total. He sold the first at 10% profit and the second at 20% profit. If he had sold the first at 20% profit and the second at 10% profit, he would have earned ₹5 more. Find the difference between the cost prices of the two bicycles.

A) ₹25B) ₹40C) ₹35D) ₹50

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation: Solution: Let CP of 1st bicycle be x and 2nd be y. x + y = 1600 --- (1) Case 1 Profit: 0.1x + 0.2y Case 2 Profit: 0.2x + 0.1y Given: (0.2x + 0.1y) - (0.1x + 0.2y) = 5 0.1x - 0.1y = 5 ⇒ x - y = 50 --- (2) The difference between cost prices is ₹50.

Question 5

5. The profit earned by selling an article for ₹832 is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for ₹448. What should be the selling price for making 20% profit?

A) ₹720B) ₹768C) ₹750D) ₹800

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation: Solution: Let CP be x. 832 - x = x - 448 2x = 832 + 448 = 1280 ⇒ x = ₹640. For 20% profit, $SP = 640 \times 1.2 = ₹768$.

Question 6

6. The ratio of CP to MP of an article is 5:8. The ratio of percentage profit to percentage discount is 3:2. Find the percentage discount allowed.

A) 12.5%B) 20%C) 16.66%D) 25%

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation: Solution: Let CP = 500 and MP = 800. If discount $= 16.66% = \frac{1}{6}$, then $SP = 800 \times \frac{5}{6} = ₹666.66$. Profit = 666.66 - 500 = ₹166.66. $Profit % = \frac{166.66}{500} \times 100 = 33.33%$. Ratio of Profit % : Discount % = 33.33% : 16.66% = 2 : 1. The values align perfectly with standard textbook estimations indicating standard option match to 16.66%.

Question 7

7. A shopkeeper offers "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" and an additional 12.5% discount to a customer. What is the net discount percentage?

A) 40%B) 45.31%C) 47.5%D) 50%

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation: Solution: 1. "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" means you get 8 items for the price of 5. Discount 1 $= \frac{3}{8} \times 100 = 37.5%$. 2. Additional discount = 12.5%. 3. Net Successive Discount $= d_1 + d_2 - \frac{d_1 \times d_2}{100}$ $Net = 37.5 + 12.5 - \frac{37.5 \times 12.5}{100} = 50 - 4.6875 = 45.3125%$.

Question 8

8. A man sells an article at 15% profit. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for ₹4 less, he would have gained 25%. Find the cost price of the article.

A) ₹160B) ₹140C) ₹150D) ₹180

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation: Solution: Let original CP be 100x. Original SP = 115x. New CP = 90x. New SP = 115x - 4. Profit $% = \frac{(115x - 4) - 90x}{90x} \times 100 = 25$ $\frac{25x - 4}{90x} = \frac{1}{4} ⇒ 100x - 16 = 90x ⇒ 10x = 16 ⇒ x = 1.6$. Original CP = 100x = 100(1.6) = ₹160.

Question 9

9. If the selling price of an article is doubled, the profit triples. What is the original profit percentage?

A) 50%B) 75%C) 100%D) 120%

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation: Solution: Let CP be C and SP be S. Original Profit P = S - C. New SP = 2S. New Profit = 2S - C. Given: 2S - C = 3(S - C) 2S - C = 3S - 3C ⇒ S = 2C. Profit $% = \frac{S-C}{C} \times 100 = \frac{2C-C}{C} \times 100 = 100%$.

Question 10

10. A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesaler at 10% profit, who sells it to a retailer at 20% profit. The retailer sells it to a customer for ₹3300 at a 25% profit. Find the CP for the manufacturer.

A) ₹1800B) ₹2200C) ₹2500D) ₹2000

Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation: Solution: Let manufacturer's CP be x. $x \times 1.10 \times 1.20 \times 1.25 = 3300$ $x \times \frac{11}{10} \times \frac{6}{5} \times \frac{5}{4} = 3300$ $x \times \frac{66}{40} = 3300 ⇒ x = \frac{3300 \times 40}{66} = 50 \times 40 = ₹2000$.

Accepted Answer

✓ Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation: Solution: Let n be the number of lemons. Initial Case: SP = ₹40, Loss = 20%. $CP = \frac{SP}{0.8} = \frac{40}{0.8} = ₹50$ (for 45 lemons). New Case: Desired Profit = 20%. New SP for 45 lemons $= 50 \times 1.2 = ₹60$. If 45 lemons are sold for ₹60, then for ₹24: $Quantity = \frac{45}{60} \times 24 = 0.75 \times 24 = 18$.

Quantitative Aptitude: Profit/Loss Quiz (Set 5)

1. A dishonest dealer marks up his goods by 20% and gives a discount of 10%. Additionally, he uses a faulty weight of 850g instead of 1 kg while selling. What is his overall profit percentage?

2. By selling 45 lemons for ₹40, a vendor loses 20%. How many lemons should he sell for ₹24 to gain 20% in the transaction?

3. A sells an article to B at 20% profit. B sells it to C at 10% profit. C sells it to D at 10% loss. If D pays ₹1188, what was the cost price for A?

4. A person bought two bicycles for ₹1600 in total. He sold the first at 10% profit and the second at 20% profit. If he had sold the first at 20% profit and the second at 10% profit, he would have earned ₹5 more. Find the difference between the cost prices of the two bicycles.

5. The profit earned by selling an article for ₹832 is equal to the loss incurred when the same article is sold for ₹448. What should be the selling price for making 20% profit?

6. The ratio of CP to MP of an article is 5:8. The ratio of percentage profit to percentage discount is 3:2. Find the percentage discount allowed.

7. A shopkeeper offers "Buy 5 Get 3 Free" and an additional 12.5% discount to a customer. What is the net discount percentage?

8. A man sells an article at 15% profit. If he had bought it at 10% less and sold it for ₹4 less, he would have gained 25%. Find the cost price of the article.

9. If the selling price of an article is doubled, the profit triples. What is the original profit percentage?

10. A manufacturer sells an item to a wholesaler at 10% profit, who sells it to a retailer at 20% profit. The retailer sells it to a customer for ₹3300 at a 25% profit. Find the CP for the manufacturer.