Grade 10 : Science - 4. Carbon Compounds (Set 4) | Concept of Maths

Question 1

Consider the following textual representation of a branched hydrocarbon skeleton:
$$CH_3 - CH(CH_3) - CH(C_2H_5) - CH_2 - CH_3$$
Determine the correct IUPAC name of this compound by identifying the longest continuous carbon chain.

Accepted Answer

A) 3-Ethyl-2-methylpentane

Answer

B) 3-Methyl-4-ethylpentane

Answer

C) 2-Methyl-3-ethylpentane

Answer

D) 3-Isopropylpentane

Question 2

An organic compound X with molecular formula $C_3H_6O$ has an electron dot representation showing a double bond between a carbon atom and an oxygen atom, with no hydrogen atoms attached directly to that specific carbon. Identify the compound and the total number of single covalent bonds present in one molecule of X.

Accepted Answer

B) Propanone, 8 single bonds

Answer

A) Propanal, 7 single bonds

Answer

C) Propan-2-ol, 9 single bonds

Answer

D) Propanoic acid, 8 single bonds

Question 3

A student drafts all possible structural isomers for an ester with the molecular formula $C_4H_8O_2$. How many distinct ester isomers can be represented structurally?

Accepted Answer

C) 4

Answer

A) 2

Answer

B) 3

Answer

D) 5

Question 4

A hydrocarbon Y is represented by the general formula $C_nH_{2n-2}$. Complete combustion of 1 mole of Y requires 5.5 moles of oxygen gas ($O_2$). What is the IUPAC name of Y?

Accepted Answer

B) But-1-yne

Answer

A) But-1-ene

Answer

C) Pent-1-yne

Answer

D) Prop-1-yne

Question 5

Analyze the following textual representation of a reaction cascade:
$$Ethanol \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4, \, 443 K} A \xrightarrow{H_2 \, / \, Ni} B \xrightarrow{Cl_2 \, / \, sunlight} C$$
What is the correct IUPAC name of compound C?

Accepted Answer

C) Chloroethane

Answer

A) 1,2-Dichloroethane

Answer

B) Chloroethene

Answer

D) Chloromethane

Question 6

A cyclic hydrocarbon Z is represented by a regular hexagon where each vertex represents a $CH_2$ group. If two hydrogen atoms on adjacent carbons are replaced by one methyl group and one ethyl group respectively, what is the IUPAC name of the resulting substituted compound?

Accepted Answer

B) 1-Ethyl-2-methylcyclohexane

Answer

A) 1-Methyl-2-ethylcyclohexane

Answer

C) 1-Ethyl-3-methylcyclohexane

Answer

D) 2-Ethyl-1-methylhexane

Question 7

In a schematic representation of a micelle formed by sodium stearate ($C_{17}H_{35}COONa$) in water:
- Part P: Hydrophobic hydrocarbon chain.
- Part Q: Hydrophilic ionic head.
Which of the following correctly describes how Part P and Part Q interact with an oily dirt droplet at the center of the micelle?

Accepted Answer

A) Part P dissolves in the oil droplet while Part Q projects outwards into the water.

Answer

B) Part Q dissolves in the oil droplet while Part P projects outwards into the water.

Answer

C) Both Part P and Part Q dissolve in the oil droplet.

Answer

D) Both Part P and Part Q project outwards into the water, repelling the oil droplet.

Question 8

How many structural isomers (including cyclic structures but excluding stereoisomers) are possible for the molecular formula $C_4H_8$?

Accepted Answer

C) 5

Answer

A) 3

Answer

B) 4

Answer

D) 6

Question 9

An organic compound D ($C_2H_6O$) is treated with alkaline $KMnO_4$ and heated to yield compound E. When D and E are reacted together in the presence of an acid catalyst, a sweet-smelling ester F is formed. What is the total number of single covalent bonds in one molecule of F?

Accepted Answer

C) 12

Answer

A) 10

Answer

B) 11

Answer

D) 13

Question 10

A homologous series of organic aldehydes is represented by the formula $C_nH_{2n+1}CHO$. What is the difference in the molecular mass of the 3rd member and the 6th member of this series (expressed in unified atomic mass units, u)?

Accepted Answer

B) 42 u

Answer

A) 28 u

Answer

C) 56 u

Answer

D) 70 u