Grade 12 Biology : Sexual Reproduction Quiz (Set 2) | Concept of Maths

Question 1

1. An apple farmer notices that the fleshy part of the fruit we eat is not derived from the ovary. In biological terms, what is this part?

A) Endosperm

B) Thalamus

C) Pericarp

D) Mesocarp

Answer

Correct Answer: B

Apple is a 'false fruit' because the fleshy, edible part develops from the $thalamus$ rather than the ovary wall. The ovary forms the core where seeds are located.

Question 2

2. A plant breeder wants to store pollen grains for several years for a hybridization program. At what temperature and in what medium should they be stored?

A) $0^\circ C$ in water

B) $-196^\circ C$ in liquid nitrogen

C) $25^\circ C$ in dry air

D) $-20^\circ C$ in soil

Answer

Correct Answer: C

Pollen grains can be stored for years in liquid nitrogen at a temperature of $-196^\circ C$, a technique known as cryopreservation.

Question 3

3. During a medical checkup, a woman is told her $LH$ levels have surged suddenly on the $14^{th}$ day of her cycle. What event is most likely about to occur?

A) Ovulation

B) Menstruation

C) Implantation

D) Menopause

Answer

Correct Answer: A

The $LH$ (Luteinizing Hormone) surge triggers the rupture of the Graafian follicle and the release of the ovum, a process called $ovulation$.

Question 4

4. A scientist observes a seed that has developed without fertilization. This phenomenon is commonly used in the grass family to produce clonal seeds. What is it called?

Question 5

5. In a fertility lab, a sperm cell is observed to have a defect in its middle piece. Which function will be most directly affected?

A) Penetration of the egg

B) Genetic transmission

C) Swimming speed (Motility)

D) Formation of the zygote

Answer

Correct Answer: C

The middle piece contains numerous $mitochondria$, which provide the energy ($ATP$) required for the movement (motility) of the tail.

Question 6

6. A gardener finds that certain flowers never open, ensuring that they always self-pollinate. These flowers are called:

A) Cleistogamous

B) Chasmogamous

C) Dioecious

D) Xenogamous

Answer

Correct Answer: A

$Cleistogamous$ flowers never open. This guarantees autogamy (self-pollination) even in the absence of pollinators.

Question 7

7. In a coconut, which part represents the free-nuclear endosperm that we often drink?

A) The white kernel

B) The coconut water

C) The hard shell

D) The outer husk

Answer

Correct Answer: B

Coconut water is the $free-nuclear$ endosperm (made of thousands of nuclei), while the white kernel is the cellular endosperm.

Question 8

8. A woman in the first trimester of pregnancy has high levels of $hCG$ in her blood. Which organ is primarily responsible for secreting this hormone?

A) Ovary

B) Pituitary gland

C) Placenta

D) Uterus

Answer

Correct Answer: C

The $placenta$ acts as an endocrine tissue and secretes hormones like $hCG$ (human Chorionic Gonadotropin) to maintain the pregnancy.

Question 9

9. If a pollen grain of a plant has $n = 12$ chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the cells of the endosperm of that plant?

A) $12$

B) $36$

C) $24$

D) $48$

Answer

Correct Answer: B

In angiosperms, the endosperm is triploid ($3n$). If $n = 12$, then $$3n = 3 \times 12 = 36$$.

Question 10

10. A breastfeeding mother provides immunity to her newborn through a yellowish fluid called colostrum. Which specific antibody is abundant in it?

A) $IgA$

B) $IgG$

C) $IgE$

D) $IgM$

Answer

Correct Answer: A

$Colostrum$ is rich in $IgA$ antibodies, which are crucial for developing the infant's immune system.

Question 11

11. A corn cob has long silky 'tassels' waving in the wind. What is the biological function of these tassels?

A) To attract insects

B) To protect the seeds

C) To perform photosynthesis

D) To trap wind-borne pollen grains

Answer

Correct Answer: D

The tassels of a corn cob are actually the $stigma$ and $style$ which wave in the wind to trap pollen grains.

Question 12

12. In a human embryo, the blastocyst becomes embedded in the lining of the uterus. What is this process called?

A) Fertilization

B) Gastrulation

C) Implantation

D) Cleavage

Answer

Correct Answer: C

$Implantation$ is the process where the blastocyst attaches and sinks into the endometrium of the uterus.

Question 13

13. A farmer uses a hormone spray to produce seedless watermelons. This production of fruit without fertilization is known as:

A) Apomixis

B) Parthenocarpy

C) Parthenogenesis

D) Polyembryony

Answer

Correct Answer: B

$Parthenocarpy$ is the development of fruit without fertilization, resulting in seedless fruits (e.g., banana, treated watermelons).

Question 14

14. Inside a pollen grain, which cell is larger and contains abundant food reserves?

A) Vegetative cell

B) Generative cell

C) Male gamete

D) Synergid

Answer

Correct Answer: A

The $vegetative\ cell$ is the larger cell of the pollen grain and stores food. The smaller $generative\ cell$ floats in its cytoplasm.

Question 15

15. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, which primary hormone is secreted by the growing follicles?

A) Progesterone

B) LH

C) Estrogen

D) FSH

Answer

Correct Answer: C

As follicles grow under the influence of FSH, they secrete $estrogen$, which helps rebuild the uterine lining.

Question 16

16. In flowering plants, the 'Filiform Apparatus' is a special cellular thickening found in which cells?

A) Egg cell

B) Antipodals

C) Central cell

D) Synergids

Answer

Correct Answer: D

The $filiform\ apparatus$ is located at the micropylar tip of the $synergids$ and guides the entry of the pollen tube.

Question 17

17. After ovulation, the ruptured Graafian follicle transforms into a yellow endocrine structure. What is it?

A) Corpus albicans

B) Corpus luteum

C) Primary follicle

D) Placenta

Answer

Correct Answer: B

The $corpus\ luteum$ forms from the remains of the Graafian follicle and secretes large amounts of progesterone.

Question 18

18. In a typical angiosperm embryo sac, how many nuclei are present at maturity?

A) 8

B) 7

C) 3

D) 6

Answer

Correct Answer: A

A typical mature angiosperm embryo sac is $7-celled$ but $8-nucleated$ (the central cell has two polar nuclei).

Question 19

19. Which structure in the human male reproductive system provides a site for sperm maturation and storage?

A) Testis

B) Vas deferens

C) Epididymis

D) Prostate gland

Answer

Correct Answer: C

The $epididymis$ is a long coiled tube where sperm are stored and undergo physiological maturation to gain motility.

Question 20

20. A citrus fruit is found to contain many embryos in a single seed. What is this condition called?

A) Apospory

B) Parthenogenesis

C) Double fertilization

D) Polyembryony

Answer

Correct Answer: D

$Polyembryony$ is the occurrence of more than one embryo in a seed, common in $Citrus$ and $Mango$.

Accepted Answer

Correct Answer: D

$Apomixis$ is the mechanism by which seeds are produced without fertilization, effectively mimicking sexual reproduction but resulting in clones.

Grade 12 : Biology - Sexual Reproduction (Plants/Humans) (Set 2) | Concept of Maths

Grade 12 : Biology - Sexual Reproduction (Plants/Humans) (Set 2) | Concept of Maths

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5. In a fertility lab, a sperm cell is observed to have a defect in its middle piece. Which function will be most directly affected?

6. A gardener finds that certain flowers never open, ensuring that they always self-pollinate. These flowers are called:

7. In a coconut, which part represents the free-nuclear endosperm that we often drink?

8. A woman in the first trimester of pregnancy has high levels of $hCG$ in her blood. Which organ is primarily responsible for secreting this hormone?

9. If a pollen grain of a plant has $n = 12$ chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the cells of the endosperm of that plant?

10. A breastfeeding mother provides immunity to her newborn through a yellowish fluid called colostrum. Which specific antibody is abundant in it?

11. A corn cob has long silky 'tassels' waving in the wind. What is the biological function of these tassels?

12. In a human embryo, the blastocyst becomes embedded in the lining of the uterus. What is this process called?

13. A farmer uses a hormone spray to produce seedless watermelons. This production of fruit without fertilization is known as:

14. Inside a pollen grain, which cell is larger and contains abundant food reserves?

15. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, which primary hormone is secreted by the growing follicles?

16. In flowering plants, the 'Filiform Apparatus' is a special cellular thickening found in which cells?

17. After ovulation, the ruptured Graafian follicle transforms into a yellow endocrine structure. What is it?

18. In a typical angiosperm embryo sac, how many nuclei are present at maturity?

19. Which structure in the human male reproductive system provides a site for sperm maturation and storage?

20. A citrus fruit is found to contain many embryos in a single seed. What is this condition called?

Grade 12 Biology : Sexual Reproduction Quiz (Set 2) | Concept of Maths

1. An apple farmer notices that the fleshy part of the fruit we eat is not derived from the ovary. In biological terms, what is this part?

2. A plant breeder wants to store pollen grains for several years for a hybridization program. At what temperature and in what medium should they be stored?

3. During a medical checkup, a woman is told her $LH$ levels have surged suddenly on the $14^{th}$ day of her cycle. What event is most likely about to occur?

4. A scientist observes a seed that has developed without fertilization. This phenomenon is commonly used in the grass family to produce clonal seeds. What is it called?

Grade 12 : Biology - Sexual Reproduction (Plants/Humans) (Set 2) | Concept of Maths

Grade 12 : Biology - Sexual Reproduction (Plants/Humans) (Set 2) | Concept of Maths

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5. In a fertility lab, a sperm cell is observed to have a defect in its middle piece. Which function will be most directly affected?

6. A gardener finds that certain flowers never open, ensuring that they always self-pollinate. These flowers are called:

7. In a coconut, which part represents the free-nuclear endosperm that we often drink?

8. A woman in the first trimester of pregnancy has high levels of $hCG$ in her blood. Which organ is primarily responsible for secreting this hormone?

9. If a pollen grain of a plant has $n = 12$ chromosomes, how many chromosomes will be found in the cells of the endosperm of that plant?

10. A breastfeeding mother provides immunity to her newborn through a yellowish fluid called colostrum. Which specific antibody is abundant in it?

11. A corn cob has long silky 'tassels' waving in the wind. What is the biological function of these tassels?

12. In a human embryo, the blastocyst becomes embedded in the lining of the uterus. What is this process called?

13. A farmer uses a hormone spray to produce seedless watermelons. This production of fruit without fertilization is known as:

14. Inside a pollen grain, which cell is larger and contains abundant food reserves?

15. During the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, which primary hormone is secreted by the growing follicles?

16. In flowering plants, the 'Filiform Apparatus' is a special cellular thickening found in which cells?

17. After ovulation, the ruptured Graafian follicle transforms into a yellow endocrine structure. What is it?

18. In a typical angiosperm embryo sac, how many nuclei are present at maturity?

19. Which structure in the human male reproductive system provides a site for sperm maturation and storage?

20. A citrus fruit is found to contain many embryos in a single seed. What is this condition called?